Warsaw: The City That Rebuilt Itself Twice

Walk through Warsaw’s Old Town—a UNESCO World Heritage site—and you’ll see what doesn’t exist: an original. After being systematically destroyed in 1944, the city was reconstructed from 18th-century paintings with such accuracy that experts still debate which fragments are authentic. This physical act of collective memory mirrors what psychologists now call post-traumatic reconstruction. Three Unspoken Lessons in Polish […]

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